The Green Climate Fund (2025)

English 2025 Climate Finance Fundamentals
Climate Finance

This note describes the Green Climate Fund design process, and outlines key points of tension.

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Fund for responding to Loss and Damage (2025)
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Small Island Developing States (2025)
Gender and Climate Finance (2025)
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Middle East and North Africa (2025)
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Asia (2025)
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Sub-Saharan Africa (2025)
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Latin America (2025)
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – REDD+ Finance (2025)
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – Mitigation Finance (2025)
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – Adaptation Finance (2025)
The Global Climate Finance Architecture (2025)
The Principles and Criteria of Public Climate Finance (2025)
Fund for responding to Loss and Damage (2024)

This brief describes the Loss and Fund design process, and outlines key points of tension. Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Small Island Developing States (2024)

This brief explores climate financing for this especially vulnerable group of island nations. Read more… →
The Green Climate Fund (2024)

This note describes the Green Climate Fund design process, and outlines key points of tension. Read more… →
Gender and Climate Finance (2024)

This note outlines some key principles and actions for making climate financing instruments more responsive to the needs of men… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Middle East and North Africa (2024)

The Middle East and North Africa is a region that is both vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Asia (2024)

Asia is home to a diverse assortment of countries, including some of the world’s most populous and vulnerable. It is… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Sub-Saharan Africa (2024)

Africa is the region that has contributed the least to global emissions but is the most vulnerable to climate change.… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Latin America (2024)

This Brief describes international climate finance that is being channelled to countries in Latin America to fund national climate change… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – REDD+ Finance (2024)

REDD-plus finance has received a lot of attention over recent years. This Brief describes the funding initiatives in support of… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – Mitigation Finance (2024)

This Brief describes the funds that have been created by industrialized countries to finance emission reductions in developing countries and… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – Adaptation Finance (2024)

This Brief looks at the challenge for the international community to ensure adequate levels of funding for adaptation activities in… Read more… →
The Global Climate Finance Architecture (2024)

This Brief investigates the evolution of climate finance, describing the main actors and initiatives that have been active to-date. Read more… →
The Principles and Criteria of Public Climate Finance (2024)

This Brief looks at principles and criteria applicable to the mobilization, administration, governance, disbursement, and utilization of climate change funding. Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Small Island Developing States (2020)

The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) together bear next to no responsibility for climate change, but their geographical, socioeconomic and… Read more… →
The Green Climate Fund (2020)

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) became fully operational in 2015 as a dedicated fund to help developing countries shift to… Read more… →
Gender and Climate Finance (2020)

Women form the majority of the world’s 1.9 billion population who live in poverty and of the close to 700… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Middle East and North Africa (2020)

Climate finance from the multilateral climate funds in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is largely concentrated in… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Asia (2020)

Climate Funds Update (CFU) data shows that for 17 countries in Asia a total of USD 5.7 billion for 530… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Sub-Saharan Africa (2020)

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is the region least responsible for global climate change and most vulnerable to its impacts. A multitude… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Latin America (2020)

Latin America is a highly heterogeneous region, with differences in levels of economic development and social and indigenous history, both… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing: REDD+ Finance (2020)

Since 2008, USD 5.2 billion has been pledged to multilateral climate funds that support efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing: Mitigation Finance (2020)

Progress in making ambitious emission reductions has been slow to date. Climate finance can play a crucial role in assisting… Read more… →
Climate Finance Briefing: Adaption Finance (2020)

The costs of adaptation to climate change in developing countries are substantial. Developed countries have committed to scale up support… Read more… →
The Global Climate Finance Architecture (2020)

Climate finance remains central to achieving low-carbon, climate resilient development. The global climate finance architecture is complex and always evolving.… Read more… →
The Principles and Criteria of Public Climate Finance (2020)

This brief looks at relevant principles and criteria applicable to the mobilisation, the administration and governance, and the disbursement and… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Small Island Developing States (2019)

The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) together bear next to no responsibility for climate change, but their geographical, socioeconomic and… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Middle East and North Africa (2019)

Climate finance from the multilateral climate funds in the MENA1 region is largely concentrated in a small number of large… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Asia (2019)

CFU data shows that for 18 countries in Asia1 a total of USD 4.9 billion for 530 projects and programmes… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Sub-Saharan Africa (2019)

Sub-Saharan Africa is the region least responsible for global climate change and most vulnerable to its impacts. A multitude of… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Latin America (2019)

Latin America is a highly heterogeneous region, with differences in levels of economic development and social and indigenous history, both… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – REDD+ Finance (2019)

Since 2008, over USD 5 billion has been pledged to multilateral climate funds that support efforts to reduce emissions from… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – Mitigation Finance (2019)

Progress in making ambitious emission reductions has been slow to-date. Climate finance can play a crucial role in assisting developing… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing – Adaptation Finance (2019)

The costs of adaptation to climate change in developing countries are substantial. Developed countries have committed to scale up support… Read more… →
The Global Climate Finance Architecture (2019)

Climate finance remains central to achieving low-carbon, climate resilient development. The global climate finance architecture is complex and always evolving.… Read more… →
The Green Climate Fund (2019)

This is the 2019 update of Climate Finance Fundamentals Brief #11. The Green Climate Fund (GCF) became fully operational in… Read more… →
Gender and Climate Finance (2019)

This 2019 update of Climate Finance Fundamentals Brief #10 outlines some key principles and actions for making climate financing instruments… Read more… →
The Principles and Criteria of Public Climate Finance – A Normative Framework (2019)

This 2019 update of Climate Finance Fundamentals Brief #1 looks at relevant principles and criteria applicable to the mobilisation, the… Read more… →
The Global Climate Finance Architecture (2018)

Climate finance remains central to achieving low-carbon, climate resilient development. The global climate finance architecture is complex and always evolving.… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing: Adaptation Finance (2018)

The costs of adaptation to climate change in developing countries are substantial. Developed countries have committed to scale up support… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing: Mitigation Finance (2018)

Progress in making ambitious emission reductions has been slow to-date. Climate finance can play a crucial role in assisting developing… Read more… →
Climate Finance Thematic Briefing: REDD+ Finance (2018)

Since 2008, over USD 4 billion has been pledged to multilateral climate funds that support efforts to reduce emissions from… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Latin America (2018)

Latin America is a highly heterogeneous region, with differences in levels of economic development and social and indigenous history, both… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Sub-Saharan Africa (2018)

Sub-Saharan Africa is the region least responsible for global climate change and most vulnerable to its impacts. A multitude of… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Asia (2018)

CFU data shows that for 18 countries in Asia a total of USD 4.5 billion for 453 projects and programmes… Read more… →
Climate Finance Regional Briefing: Middle East and North Africa (2018)

Climate finance from the multilateral climate funds in the MENA region is largely concentrated in a small number of large… Read more… →
Climate Finance Briefing: Small Island Developing States (2018)

The Small Island Developing States (SIDS) together bear next to no responsibility for climate change, but their geographical, socioeconomic and… Read more… →
The Green Climate Fund (2018)

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) became fully operational in 2015. While the GCF is an operating entity of the Financial… Read more… →
Gender and Climate Finance (2018)

This 2018 update of Climate Finance Fundamentals Brief #10 outlines some key principles and actions for making climate financing instruments… Read more… →
The Principles and Criteria of Public Climate Finance – A Normative Framework

This 2018 update of Climate Finance Fundamentals Brief #1 looks at relevant principles and criteria applicable to the mobilisation, the… Read more… →
The Green Climate Fund (2017)

While efforts to mitigate climate change are crucial, it is also essential to assist developing countries to adapt to the impacts of climate change already being experienced due to past and current GHG emissions. Finance is necessary to fund activities that respond to impacts Read more… →
The Global Climate Finance Architecture (2017)

Climate finance remains central to achieving low-carbon, climate resilient development. The global climate finance architecture is complex and always evolving. Funds flow through multilateral channels – both within and outside of the UNFCCC Financial Mechanism – and increasingly through bilateral Read more… →
The Principles and Criteria of Public Climate Finance

This Brief looks at relevant principles and criteria applicable to the mobilisation, the administration and governance, and the disbursement and implementation of climate change funding. Taken together, they offer a guiding framework for climate finance Read more… →